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Dating kadre ng CPP: Hindi totoong unconstitutional ang ATA

  • Damian Santillana
  • Jul 15
  • 6 min read

Patuloy ang pagpupursigi ng Makabayan bloc at ilang makakaliwang grupo na mapawalang-bisa ang Anti-Terrorism Act of 2020 (RA 11479) sa paniniwalang mapanupil ito sa mga kritiko ng pamahalaan. Ngunit salungat dito ang pananaw ng isang dating kadre ng Communist Party of the Philippines na kasalukuyang nag-aaral ng abogasya at nasa legal advocacy work para sa mga kapwa nyang dating kasapi ng kilusang komunista.


Ayon kay Arian Jane Ramos, dating kalihim ng Front Guerilla 55 ng NPA at kasalukuyang Head of Legal Affairs ng Buklod Kapayapaan, isang organisasyon ng mga dating rebelde na nagsusulong ng kapayapaan at kaunlaran, hindi totoong unconstitutional ang ATA. Giit niya, protektado sa batas ang karapatan sa malayang pagmamahayag, ngunit ang mga aktibidad na nagpapakita ng tuwirang pagsuporta sa armadong pakikibaka ay saklaw ng mga probisyon ng batas.


“When I was still in the movement,” ani Ramos, “we deliberately used legal organizations as ‘fronts’ to advance the armed revolution. These groups operated legally on the surface but served as recruitment and propaganda channels for the underground and armed operations.”


Sa kanyang pananaw, marami umano sa mga tinatawag ngayong “critics” ay hindi lamang basta pumupuna sa pamahalaan kundi aktibong isinusulong ang marahas na pagbagsak nito, kasang-ayon sa estratehiya ng CPP-NPA na “protracted people’s war.”


Ipinunto rin ni Ramos na malinaw sa batas kung ano ang saklaw ng “terorismo.” Aniya, ang mga aktibidad na nanghihikayat sa mga kabataan o pambansang minorya na sumapi sa NPA, o nagkakalat ng propaganda na nagpapalakas ng kilusang armado, ay hindi na simpleng pagbibigay-opinyon kundi maaaring ituring na pagsuporta sa terorismo, depende sa layunin at aktwal na gawain.


“Not all dissent is terrorism,” dagdag pa niya. “However, if the intent and conduct go beyond criticism and directly promote armed rebellion or destabilization, it can be legally scrutinized under the ATA.”


Matatandaan na idineklarang teroristang grupo ng Anti-Terrorism Council ang CPP-NPA-NDF sa ilalim ng ATC Resolution No. 12 (2020) at No. 21 (2021).


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Narito ang ilan sa mga highlight ng panayam ng Kontra Kwento kay Ramos:


1. Totoo bang unconstitutional ang ATA?


Ayon kay Ramos, hindi ito totoo. Iginiit niya na ang Anti-Terrorism Act ay hindi idineklarang unconstitutional ng Korte Suprema. Bagama’t may ilang bahagi na pinawalang-bisa—gaya ng bahagi ng clause sa Section 4 ukol sa “protest and dissent”—nanatiling buo at epektibo ang karamihan ng probisyon ng batas.

Sa desisyong inilabas ng Korte Suprema (G.R. Nos. 252578, et al., December 2021), sinabi nito:

    “The main definition of terrorism under Section 4 is not impermissibly vague nor overbroad.”


2. Isa sa mga palaging binabanggit ng mga makakaliwang grupo ay ang pagiging vague ng definition ng "terorismo" sa ATA. Bakit dapat na ituring na terorismo ang mga gawain ng mga ligal na organisasyon na nagpapakita ng pagsuporta sa CPP-NPA-NDFP at mga prinsipyo nito tulad ng armadong akikibaka?


Ipinaliwanag ni Ramos na batay sa kanyang karanasan, ang mga aktibidad ng ilang legal na organisasyon noong siya ay aktibong miyembro ng CPP-NPA ay hindi simpleng aktibismo kundi may layuning mang-recruit at magsulong ng armadong rebolusyon. Para sa kanya, kung ang isang organisasyon, kahit pa man ligal, ay nagbibigay ng tuwirang suporta sa mga grupong idineklarang terorista, ito ay maaring pumasok sa mga saklaw ng:


  •     Section 9 (Inciting to Commit Terrorism)

  •     Section 12 (Providing Material Support to Terrorists)

  •     Section 7 (Conspiracy to Commit Terrorism)


Gayunman, nilinaw niya na hindi lahat ng kritisismo sa gobyerno ay terorismo. Subalit kapag ang nilalaman at layunin ng aktibidad ay upang pasimulan o palakasin ang armadong rebolusyon, maaari itong suriin sa ilalim ng ATA.


3. Ginagamit ba ang ATA upang supilin ang mga kritiko ng gobyerno?


As a former member of the CPP-NPA-NDF, I can say that such claims are part of the movement’s long-standing propaganda strategy—to portray the government as oppressive whenever it tries to enforce laws against subversive or terrorist activities.

Many of these so-called “critics” are not merely voicing dissent—they are actively and systematically promoting violent overthrow of the government, which aligns with the CPP-NPA’s strategy of protracted people’s war.


Tinukoy ni Ramos ang probisyon ng ATA na nagsasaad:


“Provided, That terrorism as defined in this section shall not include advocacy, protest, dissent... which are not intended to cause death or serious physical harm... or to seriously undermine public safety.”


Para sa kanya, ito ang patunay na pinoprotektahan ng batas ang lehitimong protesta. Ngunit ang anumang aktibidad na tumatawid sa linyang ito, tulad ng pag-recruit para sa armadong pakikibaka, ay hindi na saklaw ng proteksyon.


"When I was still in the movement, we deliberately used legal organizations as 'fronts' to advance the armed revolution," pagwawakas nya. "These groups operate legally on the surface but serve as recruitment and propaganda channels for the underground and armed operations."


Former rebel: Hindi totoong unconstitutional ang ATA


Patuloy ang pagpupursigi ng Makabayan bloc at mga makakaliwang grupo na mapawalang-bisa ang Anti-Terror Act of 2020 (RA 11479) dahil umano sa pagiging mapanupil nito sa mga kritiko ng pamahalaan, subalit salungat naman ang ipinahayag ng isang dating rebelde.


Ayon kay Arian Jane Ramos, dating kalihim ng Front Guerilla 55 ng NPA na sumuko na at kasalukuyang Head of Legal Affairs ng Buklod Kapayapaan—isang organisasyon ng mga former rebels na ngayo’y naninidigan para sa kapayapaan at kaunlaran—at kasalukuyang nag-aaral ng abogasya, hindi totoong unconstitutional ang ATA dahil protektado rito ang karapatan ng mga mamamayan sa pagpapahayag ng hindi pagsang-ayon, ngunit hindi kabilang ang mga aktibidad na nagpapakita ng pagsuporta sa CPP-NPA-NDFP, mga ligal na organisasyon man ang gumawa ng mga aktibidad na ito.


“When I was still in the movement, we deliberately used legal organizations as “fronts” to advance the armed revolution. These groups operate legally on the surface but serve as recruitment and propaganda channels for the underground and armed operations,” ani Ramos. “Many of these so-called ‘critics’ are not merely voicing dissent—they are actively and systematically promoting violent overthrow of the government, which aligns with the CPP-NPA’s strategy of protracted people’s war.”


Iginigiit ng mga makakaliwang grupo na ang pagpapakahulugan ng “terorismo” sa ATA ay hindi malinaw, dahilan upang abusuhin umano ito ng mga may-kapangyarihan. Ngunit ayon kay Ramos, malinaw na ang mga gawaing nanghihikayat sa mga kabataan at pambansang minorya na sumapi sa armadong pakikibaka at nagpapalaganap ng propaganda na sumasang-ayon sa madugong rebelyon ay tumutugma sa pagpapakahulugan ng ATA ng “terorismo.”


“Not all dissent is terrorism. However, if the intent and conduct go beyond criticism and directly promote armed rebellion or destabilization, it can be legally scrutinized under the ATA,” dagdag nya.


Matatandaan na pormal na idineklarang teroristang grupo ng Anti-Terror Council ang CPP-NPA-NDFP sa ilalim ng ATC Resolution no. 12 noong 2020 at no. 21 noong 2021.

 

 

1. Totoo bang unconstitutional ang ATA?

No. The Anti-Terrorism Act of 2020 (RA 11479) is not unconstitutional in its entirety. While a few provisions—such as part of the clause on "protest and dissent" under Section 4—were struck down, the majority of the law remains valid and enforceable.

In its landmark ruling in G.R. Nos. 252578, et al. (December 2021), the Supreme Court ruled:


“The main definition of terrorism under Section 4 is not impermissibly vague nor overbroad.”


This means that the Court found the law's definition of terrorism to be sufficiently clear and not violative of constitutional rights.

 

2. Isa sa mga palaging binabanggit ng mga makakaliwang grupo ay ang pagiging vague ng definition ng "terorismo" sa ATA. Bakit dapat na ituring na terorismo ang mga gawain ng mga ligal na organisasyon na nagpapakita ng pagsuporta sa CPP-NPA-NDFP at mga prinsipyo nito tulad ng armadong akikibaka?


Section 4 of the ATA defines terrorism as acts that intend to cause death or serious physical harm, extensive damage to property or infrastructure, or seriously destabilize or destroy the fundamental political, economic, or social structures of the country.


If a supposedly legal organization actively supports the CPP-NPA-NDF—a group designated as a terrorist organization under Proclamation Nos. 374 and 216—it may fall under material support to terrorists (Section 12), inciting to commit terrorism (Section 9), or conspiracy to commit terrorism (Section 7), if there is evidence linking their actions to terrorist objectives.


Activities such as: (a)Promoting revolutionary ideology; (b)

Recruiting youth and indigenous peoples to join armed struggle; (c)

Spreading propaganda that glorifies violent rebellion are no longer merely political expression—they can be seen as direct or indirect support to terrorism, depending on the intent and actual acts.

Not all dissent is terrorism. However, if the intent and conduct go beyond criticism and directly promote armed rebellion or destabilization, it can be legally scrutinized under the ATA

 

3. Ginagamit umano ang ATA upang supilin ang mga kritiko ng pamahalaan. Ano ang masasabi mo rito bilang dating kasapi ng CPP-NPA-NDFP?


As a former member of the CPP-NPA-NDF, I can say that such claims are part of the movement’s long-standing propaganda strategy—to portray the government as oppressive whenever it tries to enforce laws against subversive or terrorist activities.


When I was still in the movement, we deliberately used legal organizations as “fronts” to advance the armed revolution. These groups operate legally on the surface but serve as recruitment and propaganda channels for the underground and armed operations.


Many of these so-called “critics” are not merely voicing dissent—they are actively and systematically promoting violent overthrow of the government, which aligns with the CPP-NPA’s strategy of protracted people’s war.


The ATA clearly includes a safeguard in Section 4:


"Provided, That terrorism as defined in this section shall not include advocacy, protest, dissent, stoppage of work, industrial or mass action and other similar exercises of civil and political rights... which are not intended to cause death or serious physical harm... or to seriously undermine public safety."


So legitimate dissent, protest, and advocacy are protected. But once such activities involve recruitment, incitement, or direct support for violent acts, they fall outside constitutional protection and may be legally addressed under the ATA.

 


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Kontra-Kwento is a collective composed of former cadres of the CPP-NPA-NDFP who have traded our rifles for pens, keyboards, and cameras. We are determined to expose false narratives and foster critical but constructive social awareness and activism. Through truthful storytelling and sharp, evidence-based analysis, we stand with communities harmed by disinformation and violent extremism.

Grounded in hard-won experience from the front lines of conflict, we bring an insider’s perspective to the struggle against extremist propaganda. We hope to empower communities with knowledge, equip the youth to recognize manipulation and grooming, and advocate relentlessly for social justice.​

Join us as we turn our lived experience into honest reportage. Together, let's unmask lies, defend the truth, and serve the Filipino people.

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